The verse recited by Coyle in Redguard is fairly interesting:
Wise Mage orders
Apprentice learning
Ritual turning
Golem burning
Through the night.
Morrowind and Oblivion's The Firmament also has detailed information about the Mage and its Charges:
The Mage is a Guardian Constellation whose Season is Rain's Hand when magicka was first used by men. His Charges are the Apprentice, the Golem, and the Ritual. Those born under the Mage have more magicka and talent for all kinds of spellcasting, but are often arrogant and absent-minded.
[...]
The Apprentice's Season is Sun's Height. Those born under the sign of the Apprentice have a special affinity for magick of all kinds, but are more vulnerable to magick as well.
The Atronach (often called the Golem) is one of the Mage's Charges. Its season is Sun's Dusk. Those born under this sign are natural sorcerers with deep reserves of magicka, but they cannot generate magicka of their own.
The Ritual is one of the Mage's Charges and its Season is Morning Star. Those born under this sign have a variety of abilities depending on the aspects of the moons and the Divines.